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Monday, 15 June 2015

Digital Video Data Sizing

Data Rate.

  • The rate at which information being transferred.
  • expressed in {amount of information} per {unit of time}
How to calculate a uncompressed Digital video.

formula = frame size(width and height) * frame rate(fps) * color depth(in bytes) * time(in seconds)


8 bits = 1 byte
1 kilo(bit/byte) = 1,024 (bits/bytes)
1 Mega(bit/byte) = 1,048,576 (bits/bytes)
1 Giga(bit/byte) = 1,073,741,824 (bits/bytes)


How to calculate uncompressed Audio File.

8-bit mono
Seconds x kHz = Size
16-bit mono
(Seconds x kHz) x 2 = Size
8-bit stereo
(Seconds x kHz) x 2 = Size
16-bit stereo
([Seconds x kHz] x 2) x 2 = Size
16-bit 5.1
([Seconds x kHz] x2) x 6 = Size


Factors to consider when selecting graphics to be used in a multimedia project:

a)  Purpose:
      - Avoid using images for “filler” or when they have little in common with the overall
        message or purpose.
    - A common mistake is to trivialize products with cartoons that can be distracting to the
        viewer.
      - If multiple images are used, make sure they reflect a common message such as providing the user with an example or an illustration.

b)   Quality:
       - Any image used in a multimedia product should reflect the overall quality desired of
         the entire product.
       - The image colour depth has to be considered, especially for applications that will be
         displayed on systems using a lower colour capability.
c)   Cost:
       - The cost of a graphic is directly related to its purpose and quality.
       - Copyright and ownership of graphics will determine who is to be paid





Broadcast Video Standards

3 type of Broadcast Video Standars.

NTSC (national television standards comittee).

  • have 525 lines/60 hz
  • used in North America,South Korea,Japan
  • using 30 fps(frame per second).
PAL(phrase alternate lines)
  • have 625 lines/50 hz
  • used in Europe, Asia
  • 25 fps
SECAM(systeme electronique coleur avec memoire)
  • 625 lines/50hz
  • used in France and Russia.
  • 25 fps



Photoshop: Drawing shape

Three different type of Shape can be created using shape tools.
  • Clipping mask - acts as cookie cutter
  • Path Shape - path created with pen tool
  • Fill shape - created with pixels.
Path?
  • line and curves to make the outlines of vector graphic.
  • Two thumbnail on Shape layer
  • left - fill layer which contain color of pixels
  • right - vector mask, vector-based circle shape.


Photoshop : Type Tools.

Type Tools 
  • point text created by click & type
  • Text box created by click & drag
Type of attributes
  • Kerning - spacing between one or more letter
  • Tracking - spacing between letter in one words
  • Leading - spacing between the lines
  • Baseline shift
  • vertical/horizontal scale
  • Attributes
Warp text 
  •  Contain 15 selection of styles to make a special effect for text for example ,ARC
Clipping mask for text
  • can use the gradient to fill the text layer
  • as a selection

Photoshop : Layers

Why we need layers in photoshop.
  • create composite images
  • create complex project
  • correct color.
  • add special effects
  • repair photos.
5 Types of Layer
  1. Normal layer - added on top of current layer
  2. Layer Mask - protect areas of layer
  3. Shape Layer - contain vector shapes
  4. Adjustment Layer - modify an image without affecting original pixel
  5. Type Layer - contain text elements
Merging and flattening


  • Merging - combining two or more layers.
  • Flattening - merge all layers in a document with a purpose of optimizing the file size
  • Linked layers - will move together as one unit.
Layer style
Will add special effect to the layer which have several option of effects.